Which type of data is summative data?

Summative data refers to information that is gathered to evaluate the outcome or effectiveness of a program or teaching strategy after it has been implemented. It is particularly concerned with the end results and overall achievement of comprehensive learning goals over a longer period of time. By assessing how well students have assimilated knowledge or skills, summative data helps in determining whether the intended learning objectives have been met.

In contrast to summative data, formative data focuses on immediate feedback and is often gathered through informal assessments to support and improve performance during the learning process. While it may help inform short-term goals, it does not provide a complete picture of long-term educational effectiveness. Thus, summative data specifically captures the extent of knowledge and skills acquired as students approach or complete a substantial learning objective, which aligns perfectly with the definition provided in the correct answer.