Which of the following assessments measures knowledge attained in a specific domain?

The choice of a criterion-referenced test as the correct answer is justified because this type of assessment focuses specifically on measuring an individual's performance against a set standard or predefined learning goal within a particular domain. Unlike norm-referenced tests, which compare a participant's score to that of a larger group, criterion-referenced tests evaluate whether the participant has achieved a certain level of proficiency or knowledge in an area, thus providing a clear indication of what they know or can do.

Criterion-referenced tests are commonly used in educational settings to assess students' knowledge of specific subject matter, ensuring that they have met the established learning objectives. For example, a mathematics test designed to determine if students can perform specific operations or solve designated types of problems is a criterion-referenced assessment that measures knowledge attained in that specific domain.

The other assessment types are designed for different purposes. Norm-referenced tests compare an individual to peer performance, diagnostic measures identify specific learning needs and skill gaps rather than assessing knowledge attainment, and outcome measures evaluate the overall results or effectiveness of instructional strategies, rather than focusing solely on knowledge in a particular domain.