Which assessment collects data specifically through observations?

Qualitative research is focused on collecting non-numerical data to understand experiences, behaviors, and social phenomena. It emphasizes observing and interpreting behavior in context. This methodological approach can include various techniques such as interviews, focus groups, and direct observation.

In the context of educational assessments, qualitative research is particularly valuable because it allows educators to gain insights into student learning processes, classroom dynamics, and teacher-student interactions through firsthand observation rather than relying solely on standardized tests or numerical scores.

The other assessments mentioned—TPRI, DIBELS, and PALS—are more quantitative in nature. They primarily focus on measuring specific literacy and reading skills through standardized methods that yield numerical data rather than qualitative insights derived from observational assessments.