What characterizes quasi-experimental research?

Quasi-experimental research is characterized by the absence of randomized assignment of subjects, which distinguishes it from traditional experimental designs. In quasi-experimental studies, researchers still investigate causal relationships and evaluate the effects of interventions or treatments, but they do so in settings where randomization is not feasible or ethical. This design often involves pre-existing groups or natural variations in the sample, allowing researchers to draw conclusions about the effects of an intervention despite the limitations regarding randomization.

Because random assignment (as mentioned in the first option) is not utilized in quasi-experimental research, researchers must carefully consider potential confounding variables that could influence the results. The distinction from purely observational studies (the third option) is important as well; quasi-experimental designs typically involve some form of intervention, even if random assignment to groups does not occur. While qualitative data may be a component of some quasi-experimental research, the design itself is not limited to qualitative methods for data collection. Rather, it can encompass both quantitative and qualitative approaches, depending on the research questions and objectives.